The Roman Map of Britain The Ravenna Cosmography
Thirteen
centuries after the cleric put down his pen, his work stands as a most
intriguing source of place-names. Encompassing the world, both known and fabled,
the document has come to be known as The Ravenna Cosmography. The British
section lists several hundred place-names unique to the Roman occupation.
Dispersed among them is narrative describing visible features and spatial
relationships - evidence of his source, a map of Roman Britain. The place-names
are a unique mixture of Latin and British specific to the Roman province.
The Cosmographer's inventory was methodical. On his map of Britain certain
lines (longitude and latitude?) were enhanced to define the extent of
more-detailed regional maps. Guided by this convenient array of compartments he
made his list.
Earlier students were troubled by the
sudden regional jumps, but therein lies the key to
re-constructing the map. Textual boundaries within the 'cities' section may be
defined by noting these transitions.
Using the enumeration of Richmond and
Crawford*, these are: (1)
R&C 1-5; (2)
R&C 6-28; (3)
R&C 29-47; (4)
R&C 48-61 (5)
R&C 62-66;
(amendment to (3))
R&C 67; (6)
R&C 68-74;
(5, 6 or 7) R&C
75-78, (7)
R&C 79-87; (8)
R&C 88-94; (amendment to (5))
R&C 95; (9)
R&C 96-100; (9 or 10) R&C
101; (10)
R&C 102-105; (11)
R&C 106-130; (12)
R&C 131-142; (W)
R&C 143-155; (amendment to (11))
R&C 156-158; (13 and
14)
R&C 159-190; (15)
R&C
190-200; (16) and
beyond
R&C 201-227.
*[I. A. Richmond and O. G. S. Crawford in 'The British Section of the Ravenna Cosmography', Archaeologia*, XCIII (1949), 1-50]
A transcription of the
individual pages
of Cod.Vatican.Urb. Lat. 961 relating to Britain
fol.
45v Islands of the northern ocean (R&C
303-306). Cities of the Cornish
peninsula, southern England and south-eastern Wales (R&C
1-51).
fol. 46r
The remaining cities of Wales and England, Hadrian's Wall, and a portion of south-western
Scotland (R&C 51-167).
fol.
46v The remaining cities of Scotland
(R&C 167-227). The wetlands (R&C
228-235) and
rivers (R&C 236-271) of Britain.
fol.
47r Irish rivers
(R&C 272-274) and
islands of the Western Ocean (R&C 275-302).